Words / C / General

contumacious

/ˌkɒntjʊˈmeɪʃəs/

C2CEFR level
96/100Rarity: very rare
FormalRegister

General adjective

Stubbornly and wilfully disobedient to authority.

His contumacious refusal to answer the court earned him a night in the cells.

Similar: insubordinate, defiant, obstinate

Origin: From Latin contumax (insolent, stubborn).

Topic: defiance in General English

Law adjective

Wilfully disobedient to the authority or orders of a court.

His contumacious refusal to disclose the accounts drew a committal application.

Similar: defiant, disobedient

Topic: Advocacy in Legal English

Rarity runs from 0 (a word everyone knows) to 100 (almost never seen outside specialist or literary writing). Level is the word's real difficulty on the CEFR scale, from A1 to C2.

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More general words: defiance